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| Palatability |
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Taste appeal, the degree of acceptability of a feed to livestock.
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| Parts per million (ppm) |
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1 milligram per kilogram = 1ppm = 1 pound per million pounds.
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| Pascal (Pa) |
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A unit of pressure or stress equal to one newton per square metre.
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| Pasture |
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An area of grassy land where farm animals range and feed.
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| Pellet dies |
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The component of a pellet mill that contains small holes through which soft feed it forced producing cyclindrical feed pellets.
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| Pellet mill |
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Type of mill that creates cylindrical feed pellets from a mixture of feedstock ingredients. Achieved by forcing soft feed through holes in a metal die plate to form compacted pellets which are then cut to a pre-determined size.
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| Pellet rolls |
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Single or double rolls (also known as pellet shells) mounted inside the die ring which turn and force feed into the die holes. Patterns/Configurations include: corrugated open end, corrugated closed end, corrugated helical, standard dimple, tungsten and pinnacle.
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| Pelleted |
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A ration that goes through the process to compact the ration into a pellet.
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| Pelleting compression ratio |
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The ratio between the effective pelleting length (the actual compression thickness) and the pellet hole diameter (D).
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| Percent Moisture (% H2O) |
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Indicates the proportion of water in the feed sample, calculated by weighing the sample before and after complete drying.
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| Pet |
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An animal kept for the pleasure of its owner.
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| Petfood |
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Feed intended for consumption by cats, dogs or any animals kept for the pleasure of its owner.
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| pH |
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The degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution. pH levels below 7 are acidic and above 7 are alkaline.
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| Photocell |
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Device used to detect the presence of an object. A photocell is composed of a transmitter, which transmits an infrared signal to a receiver or reflector.
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| Photosynthesis |
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A process that plants use to synthesize nutrients from water and minerals using sunlight.
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| Pile |
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A long, heavy timber, round or square, driven deep into the ground to provide a secure foundation for structures built on soft, wet, or submerged sites (e.g., landing stages, bridge abutments).
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| Pilot pressure |
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Auxiliary pressure used to actuate or control hydraulic components.
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| Pilot valve |
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An auxiliary valve used to control the operation of another valve. The controlling stage of a 2-stage valve.
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| Piston |
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A cylindrically shaped part which fits within a cylinder and transmits or receives motion by means of a connecting rod.
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| Plant-based foods |
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Product based on plants or plant extracts and intended to balance the diet.
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| PLC |
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Programmable logic controllers. Industrial computer with I/O capability, which programs in ladder-relay logic.
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| Plumb |
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Straight up and down, perfectly vertical.
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| Plunger |
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A cylindrically shaped part which has only one diameter and is used to transmit thrust. A ram.
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| Pod |
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The container for seeds on a legume plant.
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| Poppet |
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That part of certain valves which prevents flow when it closes against a seat.
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| Port |
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An internal or external terminus of a passage in a component.
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| Positive displacement |
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A characteristic of a pump or motor which has the inlet positively sealed from the outlet so that fluid cannot recirculate in the component.
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| Potentiometer |
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A control element in the servo system which measures and controls electrical potential.
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| Pound (lb) |
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A unit of weight equal to 16 ounces (0.45 kilograms).
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| Power |
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Work per unit of time. Measured in horsepower (hp) or watts (W).
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| Power boiler |
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A boiler that uses wood waste and natural gas as fuel to produce process steam.
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| Power pack |
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An integral power supply unit usually containing a pump, reservoir, relief valve and directional control.
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| Precharge pressure |
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The pressure of compressed gas in an accumulator prior to the admission of liquid.
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| Premix |
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Broad term to describe a mixture of more than one component. Generally when discussing a complete ration, the premix will include all the vitamins, trace minerals, amino acids and other additives. Some premixes will include the major minerals as well.
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| Pressure |
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Force per unit area. Usually measured in pounds per square inch (PSI) or kilopascals (kPa). A kilopascal is equal to 1000 newtons per square metre or 0.0102 kg/sq cm (0.145 lb/sq in).
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| Pressure drop |
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The difference in pressure between any two points of a system or a component.
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| Pressure line |
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The line carrying the fluid from the pump outlet to the pressurized port of the actuator.
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| Pressure override |
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The difference between the cracking pressure of a valve and the pressure reached when the valve is passing full flow.
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| Pressure plate |
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A side plate in a vane pump or motor cartridge on the pressure port side.
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| Pressure reducing valve |
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A valve which limits the maximum pressure at its outlet regardless of the inlet pressure.
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| Pressure switch |
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1. An electric switch operated by fluid pressure.
2. Switches that read the available pressure in air and hydraulic lines. These switches are
often used as a safety feature, to prevent equipment from operating when there is not enough
air pressure or hydraulic fluid pressure.
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| Probiotics |
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Can be a live (viable) culture of microbial species, a dead (non-viable) product of microbial fermentation or an extract of plant origin. Added to animal feed to improve animal performance by increasing the population of desirable microorganisms in the gut.
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| Proportional flow |
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In a filter, the condition where part of the flow passes through the filter element in proportion to pressure drop.
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| Protein |
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Complex compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and usually sulphur are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are essential in the diet of animals for growth, lactation and reproduction.
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| Proximity switch |
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Photoelectric switches that are triggered as a piece passes near them. Proximity switches are used to detect the presence or absence of material.
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| PSI |
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Pounds per square inch.
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| Pump |
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A device which converts mechanical force and motion into hydraulic fluid power.
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